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Does the Media Matter? A Field Experiment Measuring the Effect of Newspapers on Voting Behavior and Political Opinions

icpsr_113559

Alan S. Gerber, Dean Karlan, Daniel Bergan (2009). American Economic Journal: Applied Economics

DOI: 10.1257/app.1.2.35

field value
venue American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
discipline political_science
paper 10.1257/app.1.2.35
replication data openICPSR 113559
data license CC BY 4.0 — “Modified BSD License (https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause) - applies to all code, scripts, programs, and SOFTWARE. [...] Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) - applies to databases, images, tables, text, and any other objects. COPYRIGHT 2009 American Economic Association”
regression datasets (in this corpus) 3
graduated / eligible / exported 3 / 15 / 38 (policy claims_manual_regression_cap)
routed / gap / residue (at source) 23 / 2 / 0

Claims & tasks

Every claim the paper makes in its main body about a parameter, joined to the benchmark task (dataset · coefficient) that captures it. The effect, s.e. and p are the captured regression's own reported values (the paper's Stata figures, carrying the paper's SE method); the row shows the paper's verbatim quote (page · exhibit), so you can confirm the regression matches what the paper says. The prominence column is the within-study inclusion signal (⭐ headline → primary → secondary). The sensitivity column is the privacy level of the most-sensitive variable in the regression (🔴 high / 🟠 medium / ⚪ low).

# prominence sensitivity claim effect s.e. p task instance (dataset · coef)
C1 ⭐ primary 🟠 medium Neither of the newspapers improved the subject’s ability to answer factual questions about the recent news, and no effect is found in aggregate.
p. 11 · Table 3, col 1 (Fact Accuracy Index (higher is more accurate) (1))		 -0.023 0.057 0.684 Linear Regression reg_11 · post
n=1080 · d=110
C2 ⭐ primary 🟠 medium Neither of the newspapers improved the subject’s ability to answer factual questions about the recent news, and no effect is found in aggregate.
p. 11 · Table 3, col 1 (Fact Accuracy Index (higher is more accurate) (1))		 +0.047 0.056 0.398 Linear Regression reg_11 · times
n=1080 · d=110
C3 ⭐ primary 🔴 high The Post and Times treatment had no significant effect on shifting either the Broad Policy index toward the Democrats (Post coefficient of 20.085 std, p , 0.12; Times coefficient of 20.051 std, p , 0.34; Post and Times groups, 20.068 std, p , 0.14) or the Specific Policy index (Post coefficient of 20.045 std, p , 0.35; Times coefficient of 20.027 std, p , 0.57).
p. 12 · Table 3, col 2 (Specific Issue Index (higher is conservative) (2))		 -0.045 0.049 0.354 Linear Regression reg_12 · post
n=1081 · d=110
C4 ⭐ primary 🔴 high The Post and Times treatment had no significant effect on shifting either the Broad Policy index toward the Democrats (Post coefficient of 20.085 std, p , 0.12; Times coefficient of 20.051 std, p , 0.34; Post and Times groups, 20.068 std, p , 0.14) or the Specific Policy index (Post coefficient of 20.045 std, p , 0.35; Times coefficient of 20.027 std, p , 0.57).
p. 12 · Table 3, col 2 (Specific Issue Index (higher is conservative) (2))		 -0.027 0.048 0.573 Linear Regression reg_12 · times
n=1081 · d=110
C5 ⭐ primary 🔴 high The Post and Times treatment had no significant effect on shifting either the Broad Policy index toward the Democrats (Post coefficient of 20.085 std, p , 0.12; Times coefficient of 20.051 std, p , 0.34; Post and Times groups, 20.068 std, p , 0.14) or the Specific Policy index (Post coefficient of 20.045 std, p , 0.35; Times coefficient of 20.027 std, p , 0.57).
p. 12 · Table 3, col 3 (Broad Policy Index (higher is conservative) (3))		 -0.085 0.055 0.121 Linear Regression reg_13 · post
n=1076 · d=109
C6 ⭐ primary 🔴 high The Post and Times treatment had no significant effect on shifting either the Broad Policy index toward the Democrats (Post coefficient of 20.085 std, p , 0.12; Times coefficient of 20.051 std, p , 0.34; Post and Times groups, 20.068 std, p , 0.14) or the Specific Policy index (Post coefficient of 20.045 std, p , 0.35; Times coefficient of 20.027 std, p , 0.57).
p. 12 · Table 3, col 3 (Broad Policy Index (higher is conservative) (3))		 -0.051 0.054 0.344 Linear Regression reg_13 · times
n=1076 · d=109

Regression datasets

The 3 regression dataset(s) graduated into the benchmark corpus from this study's replication package — each backs one or more claims above. Expand each for its features, response, (sound, data-independent) public bounds, and reproduction grade.

icpsr_113559_reg_11 — factindex ~ post + times + MBfemale + Mreportedage + MZBfemale + MZreportedage + MZBvoted…

Sensitivity proposal: 🟠 medium maximum across columns (advisory; reviewed manually). Reproduction grade: ✅ match (benchmark-eligible).

Features

name description type sensitivity bound lo bound hi estimate s.e.
post assigned to receive Washington Post (treatment) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.02313 0.0568
times assigned to receive Washington Times (treatment) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.0473 0.056
MBfemale baseline indicator: subject is female continuous 🟠 medium -1.0 1.0 -0.5481 0.191
Mreportedage subject's self-reported age at baseline continuous 🟠 medium -120.0 120.0 +0.414 0.192
MZBfemale missing-data indicator for baseline gender field continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2477 0.0509
MZreportedage missing-data indicator for baseline reported age continuous ⚪ low — — +0.008647 0.00201
MZBvoted2004 missing-data indicator for baseline 2004 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3883 0.124
MZBvoted2002 missing-data indicator for baseline 2002 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1494 0.0731
MZBvoted2001 missing-data indicator for baseline 2001 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.03546 0.119
MZBconsumer missing-data indicator for baseline consumer status continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.4339 0.141
MZwave2 survey wave/round indicator (second wave) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.02588 0.0608
doperator1 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3279 0.326
doperator2 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.9637 0.342
doperator3 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4269 0.566
doperator4 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7511 0.301
doperator5 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3964 0.406
doperator6 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3105 0.298
doperator7 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3829 0.478
doperator8 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1792 0.482
doperator9 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1009 0.439
doperator10 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3876 0.337
doperator11 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6986 0.299
doperator12 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3199 0.32
doperator13 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2147 0.35
doperator14 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.031 0.406
doperator15 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5022 0.298
doperator16 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5962 0.321
doperator17 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.0005496 0.407
doperator18 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5192 0.615
doperator19 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.476 0.307
doperator20 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2466 0.324
doperator21 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.08801 0.313
doperator22 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1902 0.325
doperator23 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.9093 0.371
doperator24 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6751 0.379
doperator25 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8712 0.305
doperator26 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2725 0.305
doperator27 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4981 0.303
doperator28 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5221 0.317
doperator29 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.09934 0.435
doperator30 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1263 0.337
doperator31 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8004 0.353
doperator32 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2453 0.346
doperator33 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6594 0.372
doperator34 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3902 0.316
doperator35 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6853 0.339
doperator36 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4481 0.344
doperator37 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6667 0.344
doperator38 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.9539 0.384
doperator39 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5724 0.308
doperator40 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.08012 0.332
doperator41 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6444 0.39
doperator42 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2962 0.313
doperator43 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7243 0.329
doperator44 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6547 0.325
doperator45 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3848 0.313
doperator46 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5212 0.32
doperator47 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8604 0.352
doperator48 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7814 0.298
doperator49 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7659 0.436
doperator50 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.578 0.798
doperator51 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2733 0.297
doperator52 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5497 0.302
doperator53 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.875 0.748
doperator54 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5668 0.318
doperator55 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.051 0.397
doperator56 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.005 0.761
doperator57 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4805 0.746
doperator58 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4477 0.316
doperator59 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5507 0.31
doperator60 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.657 0.302
doperator61 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.556 0.317
doperator62 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4493 0.309
doperator63 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8923 0.475
doperator64 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.376 0.31
doperator65 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.02533 0.732
doperator66 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4392 0.326
doperator67 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.08648 0.314
doperator68 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.0689 0.746
doperator69 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.09159 0.555
doperator70 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5012 0.308
doperator71 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4044 1.03
doperator72 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1156 0.748
doperator73 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1294 0.781
doperator74 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6149 0.319
doperator75 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.281 0.306
doperator76 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7697 0.498
doperator77 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5496 0.341
doperator78 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.784 0.37
doperator79 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5647 0.307
doperator80 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.598 0.391
doperator81 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4913 0.329
doperator82 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.038 0.427
doperator83 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8587 0.322
doperator84 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.9297 0.407
doperator85 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1801 0.349
doperator86 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6567 0.328
doperator87 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1253 0.38
doperator88 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.07806 0.374
doperator90 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4998 0.37
doperator91 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.164 0.365
doperator92 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7893 0.323
doperator93 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.09273 0.446
doperator94 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5486 0.335
doperator95 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7318 0.417
doperator96 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.9899 0.483
doperator97 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7076 0.481
doperator98 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.427 0.472
doperator99 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6059 0.386
doperator100 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.07747 0.477

Response

name description type sensitivity bound lo bound hi estimate s.e.
factindex standardized factual news-knowledge index score continuous 🟠 medium -12.0 12.0 — —

Public bounds (data-independent) sourced from: binary indicator; plausible human age range; standardized index.

n = 1,080 samples.

icpsr_113559_reg_12 — consindexpol ~ post + times + MBfemale + Mreportedage + MZBfemale + MZreportedage + MZBvo…

Sensitivity proposal: 🔴 high maximum across columns (advisory; reviewed manually). Reproduction grade: ✅ match (benchmark-eligible).

Features

name description type sensitivity bound lo bound hi estimate s.e.
post assigned to receive Washington Post (treatment) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.04543 0.049
times assigned to receive Washington Times (treatment) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.02717 0.0482
MBfemale baseline indicator: subject is female continuous 🟠 medium -1.0 1.0 -0.263 0.165
Mreportedage subject's self-reported age at baseline continuous 🟠 medium -120.0 120.0 +0.1913 0.162
MZBfemale missing-data indicator for baseline gender field continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.125 0.0439
MZreportedage missing-data indicator for baseline reported age continuous ⚪ low — — -0.001721 0.00173
MZBvoted2004 missing-data indicator for baseline 2004 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.02371 0.107
MZBvoted2002 missing-data indicator for baseline 2002 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.2393 0.063
MZBvoted2001 missing-data indicator for baseline 2001 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.06851 0.102
MZBconsumer missing-data indicator for baseline consumer status continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1234 0.121
MZwave2 survey wave/round indicator (second wave) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.01399 0.0523
doperator1 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.335 0.281
doperator2 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5628 0.295
doperator3 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.378 0.488
doperator4 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4935 0.259
doperator5 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7114 0.35
doperator6 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7298 0.257
doperator7 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.119 0.412
doperator8 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4536 0.415
doperator9 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.905 0.379
doperator10 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5604 0.29
doperator11 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5968 0.258
doperator12 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5384 0.276
doperator13 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5745 0.302
doperator14 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5709 0.35
doperator15 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5185 0.257
doperator16 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2547 0.277
doperator17 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5745 0.351
doperator18 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3818 0.53
doperator19 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6603 0.264
doperator20 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5795 0.279
doperator21 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6055 0.27
doperator22 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6289 0.28
doperator23 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5113 0.319
doperator24 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.9105 0.327
doperator25 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8147 0.262
doperator26 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6307 0.263
doperator27 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3575 0.261
doperator28 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3274 0.273
doperator29 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2781 0.375
doperator30 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2971 0.291
doperator31 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4122 0.304
doperator32 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3957 0.298
doperator33 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.318 0.321
doperator34 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5815 0.272
doperator35 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.08664 0.292
doperator36 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.07704 0.296
doperator37 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5084 0.297
doperator38 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7437 0.331
doperator39 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.276 0.265
doperator40 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2855 0.286
doperator41 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4448 0.336
doperator42 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4268 0.269
doperator43 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4662 0.284
doperator44 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5391 0.28
doperator45 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5675 0.27
doperator46 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5482 0.276
doperator47 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6588 0.303
doperator48 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3068 0.256
doperator49 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5232 0.375
doperator50 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8237 0.687
doperator51 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4037 0.256
doperator52 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2677 0.26
doperator53 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2176 0.645
doperator54 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2555 0.274
doperator55 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8268 0.342
doperator56 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4104 0.656
doperator57 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3383 0.642
doperator58 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5502 0.272
doperator59 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7116 0.267
doperator60 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5113 0.26
doperator61 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5903 0.273
doperator62 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.349 0.266
doperator63 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2524 0.41
doperator64 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4755 0.267
doperator65 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.598 0.63
doperator66 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5037 0.277
doperator67 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4881 0.271
doperator68 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.6228 0.643
doperator69 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6627 0.479
doperator70 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3487 0.265
doperator71 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8511 0.89
doperator72 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3312 0.644
doperator73 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.9749 0.673
doperator74 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6645 0.275
doperator75 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6007 0.264
doperator76 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2408 0.429
doperator77 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8323 0.294
doperator78 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3856 0.319
doperator79 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.182 0.265
doperator80 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1027 0.337
doperator81 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.372 0.283
doperator82 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4258 0.368
doperator83 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1498 0.277
doperator84 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4307 0.351
doperator85 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.0584 0.301
doperator86 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.4113 0.283
doperator87 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1078 0.327
doperator88 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.9128 0.322
doperator90 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.808 0.319
doperator91 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2566 0.315
doperator92 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.248 0.278
doperator93 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.437 0.385
doperator94 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1424 0.289
doperator95 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6537 0.359
doperator96 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.177 0.416
doperator97 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.7605 0.415
doperator98 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6523 0.407
doperator99 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.561 0.333
doperator100 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.413 0.411

Response

name description type sensitivity bound lo bound hi estimate s.e.
consindexpol standardized specific policy opinion index continuous 🔴 high -12.0 12.0 — —

Public bounds (data-independent) sourced from: binary indicator; plausible human age range; standardized index.

n = 1,081 samples.

icpsr_113559_reg_13 — consindexgen ~ post + times + MBfemale + Mreportedage + MZBfemale + MZreportedage + MZBvo…

Sensitivity proposal: 🔴 high maximum across columns (advisory; reviewed manually). Reproduction grade: ✅ match (benchmark-eligible).

Features

name description type sensitivity bound lo bound hi estimate s.e.
post assigned to receive Washington Post (treatment) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.08494 0.0548
times assigned to receive Washington Times (treatment) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.05109 0.0539
MBfemale baseline indicator: subject is female continuous 🟠 medium -1.0 1.0 -0.2181 0.184
Mreportedage subject's self-reported age at baseline continuous 🟠 medium -120.0 120.0 +0.3199 0.182
MZBfemale missing-data indicator for baseline gender field continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1071 0.0491
MZreportedage missing-data indicator for baseline reported age continuous ⚪ low — — +0.0003349 0.00194
MZBvoted2004 missing-data indicator for baseline 2004 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.09804 0.119
MZBvoted2002 missing-data indicator for baseline 2002 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.098 0.0704
MZBvoted2001 missing-data indicator for baseline 2001 turnout continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.02381 0.115
MZBconsumer missing-data indicator for baseline consumer status continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1078 0.135
MZwave2 survey wave/round indicator (second wave) continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.01874 0.0586
doperator1 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.06617 0.314
doperator2 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.08608 0.329
doperator3 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3129 0.545
doperator4 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1822 0.289
doperator5 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.05069 0.391
doperator6 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3582 0.287
doperator7 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3052 0.46
doperator8 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.5539 0.464
doperator9 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2508 0.423
doperator10 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.003045 0.324
doperator11 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1256 0.288
doperator12 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1902 0.308
doperator13 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3264 0.337
doperator14 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1675 0.39
doperator15 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1173 0.287
doperator16 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3701 0.309
doperator17 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.00624 0.392
doperator18 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3787 0.592
doperator19 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.07801 0.295
doperator20 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.05092 0.311
doperator21 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1895 0.301
doperator22 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.06703 0.313
doperator23 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.08941 0.357
doperator24 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.09864 0.365
doperator25 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.01342 0.293
doperator26 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.05458 0.294
doperator27 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.07063 0.291
doperator28 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.04802 0.305
doperator29 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3063 0.419
doperator30 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.5592 0.325
doperator31 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.2918 0.34
doperator32 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.31 0.333
doperator33 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.01696 0.358
doperator34 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.01405 0.304
doperator35 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.4072 0.326
doperator36 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3191 0.331
doperator37 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.4781 0.331
doperator38 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3681 0.369
doperator39 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.09403 0.296
doperator40 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1298 0.32
doperator41 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.03747 0.375
doperator42 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.2892 0.301
doperator43 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.07234 0.317
doperator44 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1342 0.312
doperator45 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.04007 0.301
doperator46 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.006265 0.308
doperator47 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1011 0.339
doperator48 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.07213 0.286
doperator49 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3089 0.419
doperator50 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.8573 0.767
doperator51 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.2755 0.287
doperator52 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1059 0.291
doperator54 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.07197 0.306
doperator55 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6858 0.382
doperator56 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1395 0.733
doperator57 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.07378 0.717
doperator58 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.09001 0.304
doperator59 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1109 0.298
doperator60 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.04198 0.29
doperator61 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.2643 0.305
doperator62 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1564 0.297
doperator63 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.09097 0.539
doperator64 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.0941 0.298
doperator65 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.318 0.704
doperator66 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.09694 0.309
doperator67 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.02866 0.303
doperator68 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +1.299 0.718
doperator69 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3805 0.535
doperator70 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.07911 0.296
doperator71 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -1.291 0.994
doperator72 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.5684 0.72
doperator73 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.4497 0.752
doperator74 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2092 0.307
doperator75 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.08356 0.295
doperator76 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.2438 0.479
doperator77 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.124 0.328
doperator78 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1429 0.356
doperator79 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.2125 0.296
doperator80 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3248 0.377
doperator81 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.05259 0.317
doperator82 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1924 0.411
doperator83 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.6133 0.31
doperator84 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.07029 0.391
doperator85 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3973 0.336
doperator86 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.1383 0.316
doperator87 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.5221 0.365
doperator88 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1257 0.36
doperator90 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.3037 0.356
doperator91 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.6329 0.351
doperator92 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.4835 0.311
doperator93 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.1579 0.43
doperator94 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.3085 0.33
doperator95 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 +0.5142 0.401
doperator96 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.6781 0.465
doperator97 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.442 0.464
doperator98 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.5149 0.454
doperator99 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2907 0.393
doperator100 survey enumerator/operator fixed-effect dummy continuous ⚪ low -1.0 1.0 -0.2654 0.459

Response

name description type sensitivity bound lo bound hi estimate s.e.
consindexgen standardized general/broad policy opinion index continuous 🔴 high -12.0 12.0 — —

Public bounds (data-independent) sourced from: binary indicator; plausible human age range; standardized index.

n = 1,076 samples.